Formation Mechanism of High Quality Marine Source Rocks—Coupled Control Mechanism of Geological Environment and Organism Evolution     

腾格尔  胡凯  孟庆强  黄娟  付小东  谢小敏  仰云峰  高长林 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2011,(3)

High quality marine source rock (HQMSR) is the key prerequisite for medium to large hydrocarbon accumulations. However, the forming mechanism remains unclear. On the basis of the in-vestigation for the geodynamic setting of the Middle-Upper Yangtze during the Early Cambrian in dif-ferent spatial scales and the analysis of trace elements, the main controlling factors of the development of high quality marine source rock are discussed, with specific consideration of the burial rate of the organic matter. The ...  相似文献   

藏南地区晚白垩世岩相古地理初步研究     

熊国庆  江新胜  伍皓 《古地理学报》2011,13(4):387-396

通过对藏南地区上白垩统沉积特征及沉积相进行综合分析,初步地恢复了该地区晚白垩世岩相古地理.该地区自南向北沉积水体逐步变深,沉积相带展布依次为滨海相、浅海陆棚相(外陆棚和内陆棚亚相)、大陆斜坡相及深海盆地相,局部地区浅海陆棚相之上发育碳酸盐岩礁滩相和孤立台地相等.盆地性质总体上仍然为被动大陆边缘海盆,但已具备周缘前陆盆地...  相似文献   

浙东沿海某地区大气干湿沉降对土壤重金属 元素含量的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

黄春雷  宋金秋  潘卫丰 《地质通报》2011,30(9):1434-1441

基于对浙东沿海某典型固废拆解区重金属元素大气干湿沉降特征的研究,探讨了重金属元素干湿沉降输入对土壤环境的影响。结果表明,研究区露天焚烧等不规范的固废拆解行为造成大气质量恶化,对土地质量造成严重的负面影响。区内干、湿沉降中Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni等重金属元素的含量均远高于浙江省干、湿沉降平均值和其它相关标准值,并且其年沉降通量在省内居高,尤其是Cu、Zn两种元素每年每平方百米沉降通量分别达7108g、11420g。研究显示,大气沉降能大大增加研究区土壤重金属元素的含量水平,Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb平均年增加量分别达3426ng/g、5819ng/g、6.50ng/g、582ng/g,并且年增加率较大,Pb、Cu、Zn等重金属元素的年增加率达0.5%以上。  相似文献   

上海地学研究：从长江口到深海——中国科学院院士汪品先教授接受本刊专访     

《上海国土资源》2011,32(3):1-6

2011年8月30日下午,本刊主编、上海市地质调查研究院总工程师严学新教授,本刊编辑部主任、上海市地质调查研究院总工程师办公室副主任龚士良教授,在同济大学海洋与地球科学学院杨守业教授的陪同下,拜访了中国科学院院士、同济大学海洋与地球科学学院汪品先教授,并作了专题访谈。  相似文献   

Dark respiration in the light and in darkness of three marine macroalgal species grown under ambient and elevated CO₂ concentrations     

ZOU Dinghui  GAO Kunshan  XIA Jianrong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(1):106-112

Dark respiration (non-photorespiratory mitochondrial respiration),which occurs both in the light and in darkness,is vital for growth and survival of algae and plays a critical role in modulating the carbon balance of them.In the present study,we have investigated dark respiration in the light (R L) and in darkness (R D) in three marine macroalgal species,Hizikia fusiformis (phaeophyta),Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) and Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta),cultured at 20℃ using aeration with two CO 2 conditions:current ambient (CO 2 concentration about 380 μl/L) and elevated CO 2 (approximately 720 μl/L) air.R L was estimated by using the Kok method,whereas R D was determined as the rate of O 2 influx at zero light.The results showed that both R L and R D were unchanged for the elevated CO 2-grown algae relative to ambient CO 2 concentration for all the algal species tested.However,R L was significantly lower than R D across all the algal species and growth CO 2 treatments,demonstrating that daytime respiration was partly depressed by the light.The percentage of inhibition of respiration by light was similar between ambient and elevated CO 2 grown algae.The ratio of respiration to photosynthesis,which tended to decrease when estimated using R L instead of R D,was not altered for the elevated relative to ambient CO 2 concentration.The results suggest that R L,rather than R D,is a more accurate estimate of nonphotorespiratory carbon loss in marine macroalgae during the daytime.It would not be anticipated that elevated atmospheric CO 2 would exert a substantial influence on respiratory flux either in the light or in darkness in these particular marine macroalgal species.  相似文献   

Effect of UV-B radiation on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus     

WANG Jinhe  FENG Lei  TANG Xuexi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(2):113-119

The effect of UV-B radiation enhancement at experimental doses of 0.00,0.24,0.48,0.72,0.96,and 1.20 kJ/m 2 on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus feeding on the alga Chlorella sp.was studied under controlled laboratory conditions using clonal culture and life-table techniques.The results show that UV-B radiation treatment significantly shortened the survival time of the rotifer (P <0.05): The longest survival time (336 h) occurred in the control (0.00 kJ/m 2 ) while the shortest (222 h) occurred when exposed to the highest UV-B radiation treatment (1.20 kJ/m 2 ).The fecundity of the rotifer B.urceus was enhanced by the lower UV-B radiation treatment (0.24 and 0.48 kJ/m 2 ) but inhibited by the higher treatments (0.96 and 1.20 kJ/m 2 ).Life expectancy also was obviously affected by UV-B radiation (P <0.05).The highest life expectancy occurred in the control (0.00 kJ/m 2 ),and it became shorter with increasing doses of UV-B radiation.The resutls in the present study indicate that the life expectancy of the rotifer B.urceus can be used as an indicator for UV-B radiation enhancement.  相似文献   

Sedimentological criteria to differentiate submarine channel levee subenvironments: Exhumed examples from the Rosario Fm. (Upper Cretaceous) of Baja California, Mexico, and the Fort Brown Fm. (Permian), Karoo Basin, S. Africa     

Ian A. Kane  David M. Hodgson 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(3):807-823

Two scales of levee confinement are commonly recognised from submarine channel-levee systems on the seafloor and in the subsurface. Large-scale external levees bound the entire system whilst smaller-scale internal levees bound individual thalweg channels within the channel-belt. Although thin beds are commonly identified in core and well logs, their origin, and consequently their stratigraphic significance is currently poorly understood. This knowledge gap stems, in part, from the lack of unambiguously identified outcrop analogues of channel-levees, and in particular the lack of identifiable internal and external levees. Here we report from two exhumed channel-levee systems where both scales of confinement can be recognised: the Rosario Fm. of Baja California, and the Fort Brown Fm. of South Africa. A suite of characteristic sedimentary features are recognised from internal and external levees respectively: internal levees are characterised by structures indicative of complexity in the waxing-waning style of overspill, interactions with topography and flow magnitude variability; in contrast, external levees are characterised by structures indicative of simple surge-like waning flows, relatively uniform flow directions, laterally extensive beds, and a lack of erosive events. Using these observations, together with published literature, we propose a simple nomenclatural scheme for levee sub-environments, and criteria to differentiate between levee sub-environments in core or outcrop.  相似文献   

The role of international environmental instruments in enhancing transboundary marine protected areas: An approach in East Africa     

José Guerreiro  Aldo Chircop  David Dzidzornu  Catarina Grilo  Raquel Ribeiro  Rudy van der Elst  Ana Viras 《Marine Policy》2011

The increasing degradation of marine ecosystems has led to multiple calls for greater protection through the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs). If created at the ecosystem or ecoregion level, MPAs will likely straddle maritime boundaries and therefore necessitate international cooperation. International environmental law and international law of the sea may facilitate cooperation between States in creating transboundary MPAs. The extent to which this body of law is actually or potentially useful for the establishment of transboundary MPAs is examined in the context of the East African Marine Ecoregion, focusing on Mozambique, South Africa, and Tanzania. A general survey and assessment of the applicable global, regional, and bilateral instruments in relation to the three States is conducted. Although some global instruments are relevant in the East African context, regional and bilateral instruments are more conducive to the establishment of transboundary MPAs. The article concludes that although a trilateral agreement between Mozambique, South Africa, and Tanzania would be an ideal vehicle for the establishment of a transboundary network of MPAs addressing both national and ecoregional conservation interests, a separate solution at each border will be the first step towards this goal.  相似文献   

福建沿岸海域浒苔藻类的营养成分含量与食用安全   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

林建云  陈维芬  贺青  林力斌  汤荣坤  暨卫东 《台湾海峡》2011,30(4):570-576

对福建沿岸海域浒苔（Enteromorpha）样品的主要组成成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质含量的研究表明,浒苔属高膳食纤维（49．0％～59．1％）、高蛋白质（19．60％～38．24％）、低脂肪（0．20％～0．55％）的藻类．浒苔中17种氨基酸总量（Ctaa）与蛋白质含量的比值为74．1％～91．0％;其必需氨基酸含量（Ctaa）占C11从的35．4％～40．0％,CⅢ与非必需氨基酸含量（C。Ⅲ）之比为0．55～0．67,且呈味氨基酸的含量丰富（47．1％）,氨基酸组成均衡．浒苔油脂中脂肪酸组成丰富,n一3PUFA含量达油脂总量的20．0％～26．4％,其中含有EPA、DHA．浒苔中矿物质含量较高,尤其富含镁、钙、铁、锌、硒、钾等人体必需矿物元素．有害元素测定结果表明,中、低潮区浒苔的铅、汞、镉、砷含量均能够符合《无公害食品海藻》安全指标的限量要求,养殖区、高潮区部分浒苔的Pb含量超标．研究结果认为,在低污染海区生长的浒苔是一种高蛋白质、高膳食纤维、低脂肪、矿物元素丰富且安全的海洋食品．  相似文献   

红树林沉积物来源链霉菌HA6菌株发酵条件的优化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖静  洪专 《台湾海峡》2011,30(4):589-593

HA6菌株是分离自红树林沉积物中具有强抗菌活性的链霉菌．为提高其抗菌活性物质的产量,通过单因子试验及正交试验法对其包括发酵培养基的组成、接种量、通气量和发酵时间等发酵条件进行优化．研究表明其最佳摇瓶发酵培养基配方为：麦芽提取物质量为2．00g、可溶性淀粉质量为3．00g、豆饼粉质量为2．00g、（NH4）：SO。质量为1．00g、NaCl质量为3．00g、CaC03质量为0．50g、蒸馏水体积为100cm^3;最优发酵条件为：500em。摇瓶装液体积为150em。,接种量为8％,培养温度为28℃,初始pH为7．5,转速为200r／rain,培养时间为5d．  相似文献